{ "schemaVersion": "2.0", "generatedAt": "2026-07-16T12:09:49.401Z", "compatibility": { "legacyMatterFieldsRetained": true, "issueDocumentsAreNotTimelineEvents": true }, "matter": { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "slug": "cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "titleZh": "数据堂诉隐木 AI 语音训练数据案", "formalName": "数据堂（北京）科技股份有限公司诉隐木（上海）科技有限公司不正当竞争纠纷案", "aliases": [ "数据知识产权登记证案", "（2021）京0491民初45708号", "（2024）京73民终546号", "Datatang v. Yinmu" ], "summary": "北京法院认定，公开语音训练数据即使不构成汇编作品或商业秘密，仍可能因合法投入和市场价值形成受反不正当竞争法保护的数据竞争利益。", "professionalSummary": "（2024）京73民终546号纠正了一审商业秘密路径：200 小时子集已公开，欠缺秘密性；但被告商业使用违反非商业许可并造成交易替代，反不正当竞争法一般条款仍可适用。数据知识产权登记证仅是合法持有和来源的初步证据。", "whyItMatters": "该案直接影响 AI 训练数据的授权、开放许可和数据登记：公开不等于任意商用，登记也不等于产生绝对财产权。", "status": "decided", "primaryTopic": "competition", "secondaryTopics": [ "trade-secret", "copyright" ], "aiRoles": [ "training-data" ], "jurisdiction": "中国·北京互联网法院 / 北京知识产权法院", "industries": [ "语音数据", "AI 训练", "数据服务" ], "significance": { "legalNovelty": 29, "impactScope": 23, "institutionalLevel": 17, "crossBorder": 5, "sustainedCoverage": 13, "total": 87 }, "highProfile": true, "featured": true, "firstPublishedAt": "2026-07-16", "lastUpdatedAt": "2026-07-16", "proceedings": [ { "formalName": "数据堂诉隐木不正当竞争纠纷（一审）", "identifier": "（2021）京0491民初45708号", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2021）京0491民初45708号" }, "forum": "北京互联网法院", "jurisdiction": "中国·北京", "type": "civil-litigation", "stage": "judgment", "status": "decided", "startedAt": "2021", "precedentialWeight": "persuasive", "officialUrl": "https://english.bjinternetcourt.gov.cn/2023-12/18/c_694.htm", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:proceeding:first-instance", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset" }, { "formalName": "数据堂诉隐木不正当竞争纠纷（二审）", "identifier": "（2024）京73民终546号", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2024）京73民终546号" }, "forum": "北京知识产权法院", "jurisdiction": "中国·北京", "type": "civil-litigation", "stage": "appeal", "status": "decided", "startedAt": "2024", "endedAt": "2024", "precedentialWeight": "persuasive", "officialUrl": "https://ipc.court.gov.cn/zh-cn/news/view-4513.html", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:proceeding:appeal", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset" } ], "events": [ { "date": "2024", "type": "judgment", "title": "二审按数据竞争利益路径认定不正当竞争", "summary": "北京知识产权法院否定汇编作品和商业秘密路径，但认定违反非商业许可的商用构成不正当竞争；当前法院公开材料未披露具体给付主文。", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "proceedingId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:proceeding:appeal", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ], "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:dataset-facts", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate" ] } ], "documents": [ { "title": "隐木与数据堂不正当竞争纠纷上诉案", "originalTitle": "隐木与数据堂不正当竞争纠纷上诉案", "url": "https://www.ciplawyer.net/articles/154196.html", "kind": "professional-commentary", "sourceId": "china-ip-lawyer", "publishedAt": "2024-07", "primaryOrSecondary": "secondary", "relationship": "independent", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:case-analysis", "familyId": "family-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset-case-analysis", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2024）京73民终546号" }, "language": "zh-CN" }, { "title": "（2024）京73民终546号裁判文书记录", "originalTitle": "隐木（上海）科技有限公司与数据堂（北京）科技股份有限公司不正当竞争纠纷二审民事判决书", "url": "https://www.iphouse.cn/casetypical/detail/4r02kme59on76k9op2njy8zv3qxp1dgw.html", "kind": "official-document", "sourceId": "iphouse", "publishedAt": "2024-06", "primaryOrSecondary": "primary", "relationship": "independent", "locator": "裁判日期公开至 2024 年 6 月", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:iphouse-judgment", "familyId": "family-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset-iphouse-judgment", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2024）京73民终546号" }, "language": "zh-CN" }, { "title": "北京互联网法院公开审理数据堂诉隐木数据权益案", "originalTitle": "BIC holds public hearing on first circuit trial of its new circuit trial mechanism", "url": "https://english.bjinternetcourt.gov.cn/2023-12/18/c_694.htm", "kind": "official-document", "sourceId": "beijing-internet-court", "publishedAt": "2023-12-18", "primaryOrSecondary": "primary", "relationship": "independent", "locator": "2023 年 12 月 14 日巡回公开审理；页面记载双方主张，裁判结果待后续公布", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:bic-hearing", "familyId": "family-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset-bic-hearing", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2021）京0491民初45708号" }, "language": "zh-CN" }, { "title": "最高法知识产权法庭公开数据知识产权登记证案裁判规则", "originalTitle": "AI时代 知识产权司法迎来新挑战", "url": "https://ipc.court.gov.cn/zh-cn/news/view-4513.html", "kind": "official-document", "sourceId": "china-courts", "publishedAt": "2025-07-18", "primaryOrSecondary": "primary", "relationship": "independent", "locator": "数某某公司、隐某公司及 1505 小时中文普通话语音数据段落", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report", "familyId": "family-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset-spc-ip-court-report", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "identifiers": {}, "language": "zh-CN" }, { "title": "北京法院 2024 年知识产权司法保护十大案例：数据知识产权登记证案", "originalTitle": "北京互联网法院案例入选北京法院2024年度知识产权司法保护十大案例", "url": "https://peking.bjd.com.cn/content/s680b8cdce4b0380e186b5bf9.html", "kind": "factual-report", "sourceId": "beijing-daily", "publishedAt": "2025-04-24", "primaryOrSecondary": "secondary", "relationship": "independent", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:beijing-daily-report", "familyId": "family-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset-beijing-daily-report", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "identifiers": { "docketNumber": "（2024）京73民终546号" }, "language": "zh-CN" } ], "claims": [ { "text": "数据堂投入采集、整理和标注形成 1,505 小时普通话语音数据；隐木在其网站提供其中约 200 小时子集的下载和相关数据服务。", "kind": "fact-finding", "status": "confirmed", "asOf": "2024", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:dataset-facts", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] }, { "text": "二审认定案涉数据集缺少汇编作品所需独创性，且 200 小时子集已公开，不具备商业秘密的秘密性。", "kind": "legal-holding", "status": "confirmed", "asOf": "2024", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] }, { "text": "二审认定合法投入形成、具有交易价值的数据竞争利益可受反不正当竞争法保护；隐木商业使用违反非商业许可并造成交易替代。", "kind": "legal-holding", "status": "confirmed", "asOf": "2024", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] }, { "text": "二审认为数据知识产权登记证可作为登记主体合法持有和数据来源的初步证据；其效力受登记机构资质和审查方式等因素影响，并允许反证质疑。", "kind": "legal-holding", "status": "confirmed", "asOf": "2024", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] } ], "caseBackground": { "narrativeZh": "数据堂采集、清洗并标注大规模普通话语音数据，并以非商业许可公开其中部分子集。隐木把约 200 小时数据作为自身数据服务内容提供下载。数据堂以著作权、商业秘密和不正当竞争等路径起诉。", "partiesZh": [ "原告：数据堂（北京）科技股份有限公司", "被告：隐木（上海）科技有限公司" ], "aiSystemZh": "用于语音识别和语音模型训练的普通话标注数据集", "challengedConductZh": "把依非商业许可公开的数据子集用于商业数据服务并向用户提供下载。", "allegedHarmZh": "数据开发投入和许可交易机会被替代，数据服务市场竞争利益受损。", "proceduralOriginZh": "北京互联网法院一审后，隐木上诉；北京知识产权法院于 2024 年作出二审判决。当前法院公开材料未披露具体裁判日和完整主文。", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:bic-hearing", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:case-analysis", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:iphouse-judgment", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:beijing-daily-report" ], "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:dataset-facts", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest" ] }, "issues": [ { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:copyright-and-secrecy", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "titleZh": "公开训练数据的著作权与商业秘密门槛", "questionZh": "语音数据集是否具有汇编独创性，公开子集是否仍具秘密性？", "contextZh": "投入和价值本身不能替代著作权独创性或商业秘密秘密性要件。", "courtTreatmentZh": "二审否定汇编作品和商业秘密路径。", "topic": "trade-secret", "status": "resolved", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret" ], "positions": [ { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:copyright-and-secrecy:position:datatang", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:copyright-and-secrecy", "sideZh": "数据堂", "positionZh": "数据采集、清洗和标注投入形成可保护的数据成果。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:dataset-facts" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:bic-hearing", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:copyright-and-secrecy:position:yinmu", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:copyright-and-secrecy", "sideZh": "隐木", "positionZh": "200 小时子集已经公开，不能满足商业秘密的秘密性要求。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:iphouse-judgment" ] } ] }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "titleZh": "非商业开放许可的竞争法效力", "questionZh": "数据可公开下载时，违反非商业条件的竞争者商用是否仍可能违法？", "contextZh": "公开访问与授权用途是不同问题。", "courtTreatmentZh": "二审认定商业使用超出许可并替代交易机会，构成不正当竞争。", "topic": "competition", "status": "resolved", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest" ], "positions": [ { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use:position:datatang", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use", "sideZh": "数据堂", "positionZh": "开放下载受非商业条件约束，竞争者不能把数据直接变成商业服务。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:case-analysis", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:beijing-daily-report" ] }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use:position:yinmu", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use", "sideZh": "隐木", "positionZh": "数据可从互联网取得，主张其具有合法来源且不应形成排他控制。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ] } ] }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "titleZh": "数据知识产权登记证的证明力", "questionZh": "登记证能证明什么，是否等同于法定数据所有权？", "contextZh": "登记制度可降低来源和持有证明成本，但不能自行改变实体权利要件。", "courtTreatmentZh": "法院将登记证作为合法持有和来源的初步证据，而非绝对权利凭证。", "topic": "copyright", "status": "resolved", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate" ], "positions": [ { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence:position:datatang", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence", "sideZh": "数据堂", "positionZh": "登记证支持其合法持有、开发和经营数据的身份。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:beijing-daily-report" ] }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence:position:court", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence", "sideZh": "法院", "positionZh": "登记仅有初步证明力，仍须审查数据来源、投入和被诉行为。", "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate" ], "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:case-analysis" ] } ] } ], "decisions": [ { "date": "2024", "outcomeZh": "二审认定被诉商业使用构成不正当竞争；当前法院公开材料未披露具体给付主文。", "holdingsZh": [ "案涉数据集不构成汇编作品，公开子集不构成商业秘密。", "合法投入形成的数据竞争利益可由反不正当竞争法保护。", "数据登记证仅具有初步证明力。" ], "reasoningZh": [ "数据公开不消除非商业许可条件，竞争者商用造成交易替代。", "一般条款保护的是具体竞争利益与公平秩序，不创设绝对数据所有权。" ], "reliefZh": "最高人民法院知识产权法庭公开材料未披露具体二审给付主文与金额，本档案不据二手材料补写。", "scopeAndLimitsZh": "普通二审民事判决，仅具说服性；当前法院公开材料确认核心认定，但未公开完整主文与具体裁判日，本档案只保留年份精度。", "precedentialWeight": "persuasive", "appealStatusZh": "法院公开材料确认北京知识产权法院已作出二审判决；当前公开页面未披露再审状态。", "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:decision:appeal", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "proceedingId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:proceeding:appeal", "eventId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:event:appeal-judgment", "documentIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:spc-ip-court-report" ], "claimIds": [ "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:dataset-facts", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:no-copyright-or-secret", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:competition-data-interest", "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:claim:registration-certificate" ] } ], "issueDocumentLinks": [ { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue-document:beijing-report-registration", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:registration-evidence", "documentId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:beijing-daily-report", "relationship": "direct-case-analysis", "relevanceSummaryZh": "北京法院年度案例报道说明登记证被作为合法持有和来源的初步证据，而非绝对权利凭证。", "viewpoint": "descriptive", "confidence": 0.92, "assignedBy": "editor" }, { "id": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue-document:case-analysis-open-license", "matterId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset", "issueId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:issue:open-license-commercial-use", "documentId": "matter-cn-datatang-yinmu-voice-dataset:document:case-analysis", "relationship": "direct-case-analysis", "relevanceSummaryZh": "专业案例整理并列呈现公开数据、非商业许可和商业替代之间的二审分析。", "viewpoint": "descriptive", "confidence": 0.9, "assignedBy": "editor" 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